Can uveal melanoma cause blindness in my cat?

Intraocular tumours can affect vision, and early detection and treatment can reduce the risk of blindness. The actual prognosis should be assessed and monitored by an ophthalmology specialist.

How does the vet diagnose uveal melanoma?

Diagnosis typically requires a full ophthalmic examination, intraocular pressure measurement, ocular imaging (ultrasound or CT), and in some cases a biopsy for histopathological confirmation.

What are the common treatment options?

Treatment depends on the size and spread of the tumour, and may include local surgery, enucleation (removal of the eye), or radiation therapy. A specialist will recommend the most appropriate approach.

How much do the examinations and surgery cost?

Costs vary by clinic and region — ask your vet for an estimate before proceeding.

How much do the tests and treatment for this condition typically cost?

Fees differ depending on which tests are required and the treatment chosen. Consult your veterinary clinic directly for a personalised estimate.

Disease Guide

Feline Uveal Melanoma: Symptoms, Eye Exams & Treatment Guide [2025]

Uveal melanoma inside a cat's eye carries a high malignancy rate; enucleation is often necessary to prevent metastasis

Take 1 minute to check the symptoms first

Last updated: 2026/01/06

Pethealthmap Editorial Team

Sources: ISFM, WSAVA, National Taiwan University Veterinary Hospital

When to See a Vet

Seek emergency care immediately

•Heavy bleeding from the eye that does not stop
•Continuously pawing at the eye and appearing to be in severe pain
•Loss of consciousness or unresponsive and unable to be roused

Schedule a clinic visit soon (within 24–72 hours)

•Sudden vision loss, frequently bumping into furniture or obstacles
•Noticeable change in eye appearance, such as unequal pupil sizes
•Decreased appetite and noticeably reduced activity level requiring further evaluation

01What symptoms indicate something is wrong?

Uveal melanoma commonly presents as changes in the eye and vision. Early signs can be subtle — watch for any persistent or progressive abnormalities.

Blurred vision or bumping into furniture and obstacles
Changes in eye appearance, such as unequal or misshapen pupils
Red eyes, conjunctival congestion, or persistent tearing
Eye pain, frequently pawing at the eye, or resisting touch near the eye
Reduced activity or changes in appetite alongside eye symptoms — monitor closely
Arrange an ophthalmology specialist appointment as soon as possible for further assessment

Seek emergency care immediately if you notice the following symptoms:

⚠️ Loss of consciousness or collapse — seek emergency care immediately
⚠️ Severe eye bleeding or intense eye pain — go to an emergency clinic right away

02How should I assess the situation at home? Key observations and emergency criteria

Observing and recording how symptoms and eye changes develop at home helps your vet understand the clinical picture more quickly.

Note changes in alertness and activity level, and record when they first appeared
Weigh your cat regularly and track any changes over several days
Record any abnormalities in appetite, water intake, and litter box habits
Take close-up photos and short video clips of the eye and your cat's movement
If symptoms worsen or change suddenly, arrange a clinic visit or emergency appointment promptly

03How will the vet make a diagnosis? Common tests and procedures

Your vet will perform a thorough ophthalmic and systemic assessment at the clinic, and may arrange imaging and pathology tests as needed to confirm the diagnosis and extent of disease.

Full ophthalmic examination

assessment of the pupil, cornea, iris, and fundus

Intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement to evaluate pressure changes or glaucoma risk

Ocular ultrasound or X-ray/CT imaging to assess the extent of the tumour

Tissue biopsy (if indicated) for histopathological diagnosis

Blood and biochemistry panels to assess overall health and anaesthetic risk

04What treatment and aftercare are needed? Medication, diet, and home care guide

The treatment plan depends on tumour size, location, and whether metastasis has occurred. Long-term monitoring and home care are essential after treatment to watch for recurrence or complications.

Follow your vet's plan for medication or surgery, and attend all scheduled follow-up appointments
Arrange regular ophthalmic and whole-body imaging check-ups after surgery or treatment
Prevent your cat from pawing at the eye; limit jumping and access to elevated surfaces
Monitor appetite, body weight, and general behaviour, and report changes to your vet
Return to the clinic immediately if vision suddenly deteriorates or the eye condition worsens

05What should I prepare before the appointment? Key information to help the vet assess quickly

Note when symptoms began, how they progressed, and any changes in detail

List current medications, supplements, and any previous examination reports

Bring close-up photos and short video clips of the eye and your cat's movement for the vet to review

Record diet, litter box habits, and the timing of any fainting episodes or unusual reactions

Use a secure carrier and book your clinic appointment in advance

This content is for reference only and cannot replace a professional veterinary diagnosis. If your pet shows signs of illness, please seek veterinary care promptly.

Related Symptoms (You May Also Be Looking For)

Vision loss

Unconsciousness

High eye pressure

Dilated pupils

Neoplasm