Can polypoid cystitis spread to other pets?

Polypoid cystitis is generally a localised bladder change and is not contagious. If a concurrent bacterial infection is present, your vet will need to confirm the source and advise on appropriate treatment.

How does the vet diagnose polypoid cystitis?

Diagnosis typically combines urinalysis, ultrasound, or X-ray imaging; endoscopy or tissue biopsy may be used to confirm the lesion when necessary. Consult your treating vet for details.

How often is follow-up needed after treatment?

Follow-up frequency depends on the underlying cause; recheck appointments for urinalysis and imaging are commonly scheduled weeks to months after treatment. Follow your vet's recommended schedule.

How much do the tests and treatment usually cost?

Costs vary by clinic and region — ask your vet for an estimate before proceeding.

Disease Guide

Polypoid Cystitis in Dogs & Cats: Hematuria, Dysuria, Imaging & Follow-Up Care [2025]

Bladder polyps causing hematuria and difficulty urinating

Take 1 minute to check the symptoms first

Last updated: 2026/01/06

Pethealthmap Editorial Team

Sources: ISCAID, ACVIM, National Taiwan University Veterinary Hospital

When to See a Vet

Seek Emergency Care Immediately

•Heavy or persistent blood in urine, or large blood clots present
•Obvious inability to urinate or severe, continuous pain
•High fever or extreme lethargy and unresponsiveness

Schedule a Clinic Visit Soon (within 24–72 hours)

•Frequent urination with very small amounts and signs of discomfort
•Pain or obvious straining during urination
•Recurrent or intermittent blood in urine with otherwise normal alertness

01What symptoms indicate something is wrong?

Common signs include blood in the urine, changes in urination frequency, and discomfort while urinating; some pets may also show changes in energy or appetite.

Blood in urine or urine appearing pink to red
Frequent urination with only a small amount passed each time
Pain, straining, or crying out during urination
Excessive licking around the urethra or lower abdomen
Decreased energy or reduced appetite — a vet visit is recommended

Seek emergency care immediately if you notice the following symptoms:

⚠️ Heavy or persistent hematuria, or large blood clots in the urine
⚠️ Obvious inability to urinate or continuous severe pain
⚠️ Persistent high fever or extreme lethargy

02How can you assess the situation at home? Key observations and when to seek emergency care

Keeping home observation records helps the vet quickly understand the progression of the condition and arrange the necessary tests.

Note changes in energy levels, activity, and behaviour
Measure and record daily water intake and food consumption
Track the colour, volume, and frequency of each urination
Record short videos of your pet urinating to show the vet
Compile your observations and book a urology appointment with your vet

03How will the vet make a diagnosis? Common diagnostic tests

At the clinic, blood tests, urinalysis, and imaging are typically used to identify bleeding or structural abnormalities; further sampling may be taken to confirm the underlying cause when needed.

Blood chemistry and CBC

to evaluate kidney and liver function and overall health

Urinalysis (including microscopy)

to assess hematuria, protein levels, and signs of infection

X-ray

to check for bladder stones or an abnormal bladder contour

Abdominal ultrasound

to evaluate bladder mucosa and kidney structure

Tissue biopsy or endoscopic sampling

for pathological confirmation when indicated

Bacterial culture and sensitivity testing

to identify the infection source and guide treatment

04How is it treated and managed after diagnosis? Medication, diet, and home care guide

Treatment depends on the underlying cause and severity; regular follow-up and lifestyle management after treatment are essential to reduce the risk of recurrence.

Follow prescribed medication and attend all scheduled follow-up appointments
Regular urinalysis follow-up and imaging assessments as needed
Dietary adjustment with a specialist diet to improve bladder health and prevent recurrence
Home care: encourage adequate water intake and minimise stressors
If symptoms change or recur, schedule a vet visit promptly
Discuss a long-term monitoring and management plan with a urology specialist

05What to prepare before the vet visit? Key information to help the vet diagnose quickly

Record a video of your pet urinating, capturing it at close range

Note the colour, volume, and timing of any abnormal urine

Track daily water intake and changes in urination frequency

Write down when symptoms first appeared and how they have progressed

Bring any past test results or medication history if available

Consider booking at a specialist clinic with ultrasound capability

This content is for reference only and cannot replace a professional veterinary diagnosis. If your pet shows signs of illness, please seek veterinary care promptly.