Why does my cat have seizures?

Seizures in cats can result from many causes, including genetic factors, structural brain abnormalities, metabolic disorders, or toxin exposure. If your cat has a first-time seizure, we recommend filming it and visiting a vet for further evaluation.

How should I record a seizure at home for the vet?

Note the start and end time of the seizure, how often it occurs, and your cat's behaviour before and after the episode. Film the seizure from the front and side — this information helps your vet assess the situation and arrange the necessary tests.

How often should my cat be seen for follow-up after a seizure?

Follow-up frequency depends on seizure frequency and treatment response. Appointments are usually closer together initially. Follow your vet's guidance for scheduling monitoring visits and anti-epileptic drug level checks.

What can I do at home during a seizure?

Stay calm, move any nearby hazards away from your cat, and time and film the episode. If the seizure is prolonged or recurs, take your cat to the vet promptly and follow your vet's instructions.

How much do the tests and treatment usually cost?

Costs vary by clinic and region — ask your vet for an estimate before proceeding.

Disease Guide

Cat Seizures & Epilepsy: Symptoms, Diagnosis & Care Guide [2025]

Cat epilepsy requires long-term anti-epileptic medication to control seizures.

Take 1 minute to check the symptoms first

Last updated: 2026/01/06

Pethealthmap Editorial Team

Sources: IVETF, ISFM, National Taiwan University Veterinary Hospital

When to See a Vet

Seek Emergency Care Immediately

•Seizure lasting more than five minutes without stopping
•Multiple consecutive seizures within a short period without regaining consciousness
•Rapid breathing or gums turning dark or purple

Schedule a Clinic Visit Soon (within 24–72 hours)

•Prolonged lethargy or confusion after a seizure
•Noticeably increasing seizure frequency or shorter intervals between episodes
•Loss of bladder or bowel control during a seizure

01What symptoms indicate something is wrong?

Common visible signs of seizures in cats and post-ictal behavioural changes, including convulsions, brief unresponsiveness, and post-seizure fatigue or confusion.

Rhythmic generalised or focal convulsions, limb trembling
Excessive drooling or salivation, abnormal mouth movements
Brief loss of responsiveness, sudden collapse or rigidity
Pronounced lethargy or confusion following a seizure
Occasional brief loss of bladder or bowel control

Seek emergency care immediately if you notice the following symptoms:

⚠️ Seizure lasting more than five minutes without stopping
⚠️ Multiple seizures in a short period without recovery between episodes
⚠️ Breathing difficulty or pale or blue gum colour after a seizure

02How can I assess the situation at home? Key observations and emergency criteria

Observations and records made at home help your vet determine seizure type and possible cause — prioritise timestamps and video footage.

Record the exact start and end time of each seizure episode
Film the seizure on your phone (from the front and side)
Note any changes in alertness or appetite before and after the seizure
Track seizure frequency and the interval between episodes
Measure and record body weight and daily water intake changes

03How will the vet diagnose my cat? Common diagnostic tests

The vet will start with a physical and neurological examination, then use blood work and imaging to rule out metabolic or structural causes.

Physical examination and neurological assessment of reflexes and responsiveness

Blood glucose and complete blood count to rule out metabolic disorders

Abdominal ultrasound or X-rays to check for organ abnormalities or tumours

Advanced imaging (CT or MRI) to evaluate brain structure

Referral to or consultation with a veterinary neurology specialist if needed

04What treatment and care are needed after diagnosis? Medications, diet, and care guide

Treatment focuses on controlling seizures, identifying the underlying cause, and regular monitoring. Owners should attend follow-up appointments and keep a seizure diary to guide treatment adjustments.

Start or adjust anti-epileptic medication as directed by your vet
Attend regular check-ups to assess seizure frequency and medication side effects
Maintain a consistent diet and avoid strong stimuli or stressors
Keep an ongoing seizure diary to help your vet evaluate treatment effectiveness
Schedule follow-up imaging or neurology consultations as needed

05What should I prepare before the vet visit? Key information to help your vet quickly identify the cause

Bring seizure videos (front and side views)

Write down the time, frequency, and duration of each seizure episode

List all current medications and supplements your cat is taking

Bring any previous test results or imaging if available

Use a secure carrier and call ahead to inform the clinic about your cat's condition

This content is for reference only and cannot replace a professional veterinary diagnosis. If your pet shows signs of illness, please seek veterinary care promptly.